Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN) 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The components of cellular respiration can work together effectively in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, making this the correct answer. In aerobic conditions, cellular respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, leading to the complete oxidation of substrates, such as glucose, to produce carbon dioxide, water, and a substantial amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process utilizes the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, which are efficient in generating energy.

In anaerobic conditions, cellular respiration can still occur, but the pathways shift to processes like fermentation. Although fermentation produces less ATP compared to aerobic respiration, it enables cells to maintain energy production in the absence of oxygen. For example, in muscle cells, lactic acid fermentation allows for continued ATP production during intense exercise when oxygen levels are low.

The other environments listed do not accurately describe the conditions under which cellular respiration components can effectively collaborate. An acid or alkali environment refers to pH levels but does not specify availability of oxygen. A lactic or lactulose environment is not relevant to cellular respiration since lactulose is a synthetic sugar that does not pertain to respiration processes. Lastly, an open or closed environment relates to physical systems or gas exchange but does not impact cellular respiration directly in the context of whether oxygen